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EUROPEAN UNION
Key Competences for Lifelong Learning
op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/297a33c8-a1f3-11e9-9d01-
01aa75ed71a1/language-en
In 2006, to facilitate the transition from education to training and promote lifelong learning, the
Council of the European Union adopted a Recommendation based on eight key competences:
1. Literacy competence
2. Multilingual competence
3. Mathematical competence and competence in science, technology, and engineering
4. Digital competence
5. Personal, social, and learning to learn competence
6. Citizenship competence
7. Entrepreneurship competence
8. Cultural awareness and expression competence
These key competences are essential to citizens for personal fulfilment, a healthy and sustainable
lifestyle, employability, active citizenship, and social inclusion, and for this reason VET institutions
should include them in their training curricula.

EU Skills Agenda 2030
ec.europa.eu/social/main.jsp?catId=1223&langId=en
The shift toward a climate neutral Europe, the digital transformation and the Covid-19 pandemic
has changed the way of working and learning. Acquiring new skills and moving to new jobs in a
different sector is fundamental. In such context, the EU Skills Agenda represents a five-year plan to
help individuals and businesses upskilling and re-skilling themselves. The agenda includes twelve
actions organised around four building blocks:
- a call to join forces in a collective action
- actions to ensure that people have the right skills for jobs
- tools and initiatives to support people in their lifelong learning pathways
- a framework to unlock investments in skills

Through this initiative, the European Commission proposes to reach, by 2025, a set of clear
objectives based on well-established quantitative indicators (see link above). Progress will be
monitored, and results will be published in the annual Joint Employment Report, serving as a basis
for country specific recommendations on skills, education, and training.

The Bruges Communiqué and the Guiding principles on professional development of VET trainers
www.cedefop.europa.eu/guiding-principles-professional-development-trainers
In 2010, European Ministers for VET, the European Social Partners and the European Commission
adopted the Bruges Communiqué, an action plan for the period 2011-2020 aimed at increasing the
quality of vocational training in Europe by making it more accessible and relevant to the needs of
the labour market.
The Communiqué defined common objectives such as the collection of best practices and guideline
principles with respect to the changing profiles of VET teachers and trainers.
These are the guiding principles identified by CEDEFOP, the European Commission and the thematic
working group:

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